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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2518-1092</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научный результат. Информационные технологии</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2518-1092</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2518-1092-2019-4-2-0-6</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1704</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КВАЗИЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ УРАВНЕНИЯ ПЕРВОГО ПОРЯДКА ДЛЯ ОПИСАНИЯ СОСТОЯНИЯ ИДЕАЛЬНОГО ГАЗА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>QUASILINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR THE DESCRIPTION OF THE SPACE OF IDEAL GAS CONDITIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцова</surname><given-names>Мария Витальевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevtsova</surname><given-names>Maria Vitalevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mashashev81@gmail.com</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверин</surname><given-names>Геннадий Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Averin</surname><given-names>Gennady Viktorovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>averin@bsu.edu.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/information/2019/2/ИТ_2.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность

Классическая термодинамика как основа многих физических наук на настоящее время не обладает законченным и четким аксиоматическим построением теории. Некоторые из ее положений и соотношений базируются на эмпирических фактах, признаются априорными и не обоснованы с точки зрения теоретических посылок.

Проблема

В данной статье рассматривается задача формулировки положений и соотношений термодинамики для пространства состояний идеального газа на основе анализа решений дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных первого порядка.

Методы

В настоящей работе были использованы метод характеристик для решения квазилинейных дифференциальных уравнений первого порядка, а также формулы и зависимости дифференциальной геометрии и средства компьютерной математики.

Результаты

Показана связь характеристик дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных с энтропией, как термодинамической функцией состояния. Выполнено геометрическое представление полученных интегральных поверхностей и установлена взаимозависимость между физическим содержанием термодинамических величин (температуры, энтропии, энергии) и их математическими аналогами. Показано, что численными методами с использованием средств компьютерной математики можно установить закономерности осуществления термодинамических процессов и циклов при описании их функциями времени.

Выводы

Сформулировано предположение, что необратимость термодинамических процессов может быть связана с темпоральными особенностями осуществления этих процессов. Предложенный подход позволяет дать простую геометрическую интерпретацию основным положениям и соотношениям классической термодинамики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract

Relevance

Today the classical thermodynamics as fundamentals of many physical sciences does not possess the finished and accurate axiomatic creation of the theory. Its many provisions and ratios are based on the empirical facts which are recognized as apriori and are not proved in terms of theoretical parcels.

Problem

In this paper the problem of a wording of thermodynamic provisions and ratios for spaces of ideal gas conditions is considered on the basis of analysis of solutions of partial differential equations of the first order.

Methods

In this work the method of characteristics for the solution of the quasilinear differential equations of the first order was used. And also formulas and dependences of differential geometry and means of computer mathematics are applied.

Results

It is shown that characteristics of partial differential equations are connected with entropy as a thermodynamic function of condition. Geometric presentation of the received integrated surfaces is executed. The connection between physical content of thermodynamic sizes (temperature, entropy, energy) and their mathematical analogs is established. By numerical methods using the means of computer mathematics it is illustrated the possibility of establishing consistent patterns of implementation of thermodynamic processes and cycles at the description them as functions of time.

Conclutions

The assumption is formulated that irreversibility of thermodynamic processes can be connected with temporal features of implementation of these processes. The offered approach allows to give simple geometric interpretation of basic provisions and ratios of classical thermodynamics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идеальный газ</kwd><kwd>положения и соотношения термодинамики</kwd><kwd>геометрическая интерпретация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ideal gas</kwd><kwd>provisions and ratios of thermodynamics</kwd><kwd>geometric interpretation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>1. Averin G.V. Sistemodinamika [Systemdynamics]. Doneck: Donbass, 2014. 405 р. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><mixed-citation>2. Afanas&amp;#39;eva-Jerenfest T.A. 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