The article substantiates a method for recognizing graphic objects based on the analysis of image contours, including the extraction of special points and the use of skeletal representation of contours. Various approaches to contour analysis, such as topological and editorial features, are discussed, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Particular attention is given to the problems associated with the non-invariance of methods to affine transformations and the complexity of identifying key points. The possibility of contour segmentation to improve recognition accuracy is outlined, and mathematical methods, including differential equations, are proposed for determining reference points on the contour. The proposed method enables more accurate description and analysis of images, overcoming the limitations of existing approaches. The importance of further research in the field of pattern recognition to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of graphic object analysis is emphasized.