The article discusses some sources of interference in satellite communication channels, such as the impact of the ionosphere, space weather and the impact of man-made sources of interference. It is shown that satellite information transmission systems remain relevant and continue to develop, plans and projects for the further development of this type of communication in the Russian Federation are also considered. The relevance of VSAT systems and the scope of their current application are considered, as well as possible ways of using this type of satellite communication are proposed, the main methods of application are monitoring systems and communications in remote places of our planet, as well as the study of space and monitoring the state of satellite repeaters located in outer space. The advantages and disadvantages of building such systems are analyzed, and the idea of leveling the emerging shortcomings by using cognitive radio technologies using the capabilities of software-defined radio systems is proposed.